Adaptive Inter-Organizational Workflow Management for E-Business Integration

As the collaboration between companies is facilitated in e-business environment, inter-organizational workflow management becomes an important issue. Because the inter-organizational workflow consists of autonomous organizational workflow, the coordination of these autonomous processes is required. In this paper, a local viewed inter-organizational workflow model is proposed, in which an inter-organizational workflow is defined as a set of block activities. Exception handling rules for internal process are defined with pertinent block activities. Based on the suggested model, a multi-agent system and a coordination algorithm are proposed. For the illustration of the suggested model, an example interorganizational workflow about book order process is presented

Delay Analysis of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors

In this letter, we analyze the carrier transit delay in graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs). GFETs are fabricated at the wafer-scale on sapphire substrate. For a device with a gate length of 210 nm, a current gain cut-off frequency fT of 18 GHz and 22 GHz is obtained before and after de-embedding. The extraction of the internal (Cgs,i, Cgd,i) and external capacitances (Cgs,ex and Cgd,ex) from the scaling behavior of the gate capacitances Cgs and Cgd allows the intrinsic ({\tau}_int), extrinsic ({\tau}_ext) and parasitic delays ({\tau}_par) to be obtained. In addition, the extraction of the intrinsic delay provides a new way to directly estimate carrier velocity from the experimental data while the breakdown of the total delay into intrinsic, extrinsic, and parasitic components can offer valuable information for optimizing RF GFETs structures.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Electron Device Letter

Parathyroid carcinoma in tertiary hyperparathyroidism

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare disease of unknown etiology. This study presents a case of parathyroid carcinoma in a patient with tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Despite a successful kidney transplantation, the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) level of the patient was elevated consistently and could not be controlled by medical therapy. Due to the development of tertiary hyperparathyroidism with bone pain and osteoporosis, subtotal parathyroidectomy was performed 4 months after the kidney transplantation. Histological evaluation revealed that one of four parathyroid lesions was a parathyroid carcinoma, while the others were diffuse hyperplasia. Postoperative laboratory studies indicated a decreased level of iPTH. A positron emission tomography–computed tomography performed 6 months after the operation revealed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis